ABSTRACT - The objective of this study was to find the best level of inclusion of crude glycerin (0, 60, 120, and 240 g kg−1 of dry matter of diet) in substitution of pearl millet in a feedlot diet. Twenty-eight Nellore young bulls with mean age of 18 months and average weight of 357±23.56 kg were used. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments and seven replications. The intakes of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and total digestible nutrients were similar among the dietary levels of crude glycerin. The ether extract intake decreased with increase in the levels of crude glycerol in the diets. Apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and extract ether was similar among the dietary crude glycerin levels. Apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber was lower in the diets with inclusion of crude glycerin in relation the other diets. The increase in the levels of crude glycerin did not affect the total digestible nutrients content of the diets. Average daily gain increased linearly with the increase in crude glycerin. Feed conversion was not altered by the increase in the levels of crude glycerin in the diets. The dietary increase in crude glycerin level did not affect the carcass characteristics. The inclusion of up to 240 g kg−1 of crude glycerin in pearl millet grain-based diets for feedlot-finished Nellore young bulls increases average daily gain, but does not change the main carcass characteristics of economic importance.

AIM: To biomechanically analyze two fixation techniques in polyurethane hemi-mandibular body fractures, using a universal testing machine. METHODS: The study employed 10 polyurethane hemi-mandible replicas, which simulated simple fractures of the mandibular body, divided into two groups: one group comprised 5 hemi-mandibles with two 2.0 mm system plates in the tension and compression zones, while the other group contained 5 hemi-mandibles with an Erich bar and a 2.0 mm system plate in the tension and neutral zones, respectively. Data were analyzed statistically by the Student's t-test (α=0.05) RESULTS: The test results indicated that the fixation using 2.0 mm system plates offered significantly more resistance to the loads and presented significantly larger displacement compared to the fixation using just one 2.0 mm system plate and the Erich bar. CONCLUSIONS: It may be concluded that the use of two plates in the 2.0 mm system had greater mechanical strength than a single 2.0 mm plate combined with an Erich bar. Clinically, it is known that both techniques can provide good results, but patients receiving the combination of Erich bar and one plate are required to be more cooperative during the postoperative period, especially with respect to the prescribed diet in order to avoid failures in this system.

The use of rapid prototyping technology in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery has been increasing in the last decade, allowing the management of biomodels from medical image processing as computed tomography in order to obtain a three dimensional model with the same geometric characteristics as the virtual one. The aim of this study is to present the use of biomodels for treatment of maxillofacial trauma sequelae with evaluation of clinical records in a period that varies from January 2000 to December 2010. For diagnosis and surgical planning of maxillofacial sequelae in this period, some 15 prototypes were used, allowing us to determine the treatment planning with more accuracy and to save operating room time.

El uso de tecnología de prototipado rápido en Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial se ha incrementado en la última década, lo que permite la gestión de los biomodelos de procesamiento de imágenes médicas, como tomografía computarizada para obtener un modelo tridimensional con las mismas características geométricas del virtual. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar el uso de biomodelos para el tratamiento de las secuelas de un traumatismo maxilofacial con la evaluación de las historias clínicas en un período que varía entre enero de 2000 a diciembre de 2010. Para el diagnóstico y la planificación de la cirugía maxilofacial de las secuelas en este período, 15 prototipos fueron utilizados, lo que permite determinar la planificación del tratamiento con más precisión y para ahorrar tiempo de quirófano.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the risk factors related to condylar resorption (CR) after orthognathic surgery. Was realized a systematic review with a search of the literature performed in the electronic databases PubMed, MedLine, Ovid, Cochrane Library for current evidence in the world literature as conducted, and relevant articles were selected in according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and the findings were compared. Eight papers, (follow-up 12 months to 69 months) were including. A sample of 2567 patient with mandible or bi maxillary surgery with an age range from 14 to 46 year old was observed. In 137 patients (5.3%) CR was observed , with a 97.6% (122) female. CR was related to 118 cases with mandibular deficiencies with high mandibular plane (advancement surgery). CR were present principally in bi maxillary surgery with a 103 cases (75.2%) and only two papers show any analysis to the relation with TMJ dysfunction. Current evidence in CR is poor but supports those female patients with mandibular deficiency and high mandibular plane angle submitted to bi maxillary surgery with change in occlusal plane (counterclockwise) are associated with condylar resorption after orthognathic surgery.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar los factores de riesgo asociados a reabsorción condilar (RC) posterior a cirugía ortognática. Fue realizada una revisión sistemática con una búsqueda de la literatura realizada en bases de dato electrónicos como PubMed, MedLine, Ovid, Cochrane Library buscando actual evidencia en la literatura mundial; artículos relevantes fueron seleccionados según los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, comparando sus resultados. Ocho artículos (tiempo de seguimiento de 12 a 69 meses) fueron incluidos. Se observó una muestra de 2567 pacientes con cirugía mandibular o bimaxilar con una edad de entre 14 y 46 años. En 137 pacientes (5,3%) se observó reabsorción condilar, siendo el 97,6% (122 casos) de sexo femenino. La RC fue observada n 118 casos de deficiencia mandibular con un plano mandibular alto (cirugía de avance mandibular). La RC estuvo presente principalmente en cirugías bimaxilares con 103 casos afectados (75,2%) y solo dos artículos evidenciaron análisis previo de disfunción de ATM. Actualmente la evidencia en RC es limitada pero fundamenta que mujeres con deficiencia mandibular y alto plano mandibular sometidas a cirugía bimaxilar con alteración del plano oclusal (giro horario) son asociadas a la reabsorción condilar después de la cirugía ortognática.

In the international literatura exist some information related to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement in condylar fracture malunion; the treatment is variated being executed with a bone reconstruction, ramus vertical osteotomy or condilar plate. This case demonstrates that TMJ replacement with prosthetic joint is technically possible and appropriate in the case of malunion of condylar fracture.

Sinus lift has been widely studied and is highly successful. The aim of this research was to establish the prevalence of intrasinusal septum in consecutive surgeries for maxillary sinus floor elevation and identify the relation with sinus membrane rupture. Ninety one surgeries were realized in patients with an indication for dental implant installation in the posterior maxilla; the patient with complete clinical and medical record (card, radiography, etc.) and without contraindications for the procedure was included in the study; the surgery was realized with local or general anesthesia and the material used for inlay graft was autogenous bone or biometarials. The septum was identified by panoramic image in the preoperatory and clinically at the time of surgery; any complication was studied and related to intrasinusal septum; the statistical study was carried out with Fisher test with p value <0.05. Surgery was performed on 72 subjects (53 female and 19 male) with a mean age of 44.5 years of age; in 74.7% of patients no complications were observed, while 18.7% presented sinusal membrane rupture. The septum was observed in 18.7% (16 maxillary sinus), showing 12 septum in anterior position and 4 in posterior position; the presence of septum was positively related to membrane rupture (p<0.05). Finally, we can state that the intrasinusal septum was observed in 17% and was related to intraoperatory complications as membrane rupture.

La elevación de piso sinusal maxilar ha sido ampliamente discutida y presenta altas tasas de éxito. El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer la prevalencia de septum intrasinusal presente en cirugías consecutivas de elevación de piso sinusal y establecer su relación con las perforaciones de membrana sinusal. Noventa y un cirugías fueron realizadas en pacientes que presentaban indicación para instalar implantes dentales en maxila posterior; fueron incluidos aquellos pacientes que presentaron documentos clínicos íntegros (ficha clínica, radiografías, entre otros) y que no presentasen contraindicación del procedimiento; las cirugías fueron realizadas con anestesia local o general y fueron rellenados con biomateriales o hueso autógeno. El septum fue identificado mediante la imagen panorámica preoperatoria y de forma clínica intraoperatoria, mientras que cualquier complicación fue estudiada y relacionada con la presencia de septum; el estudio estadístico se realizó a través de la prueba test de Fisher siendo reconocido el valor de p<0.05. Fueron operados 72 sujetos (53 mujeres y 19 hombres) con una edad promedio de 44,5 años; en el 74,7% no se observó ningún tipo de complicación, mientras que en el 18,7% de los casos se observó perforación de la membrana sinusal. Septum sinusal fue observado en el 17,6% de los casos operados (16 senos maxilares), presentando 12 septum en posición anterior y 4 en posición posterior. La presencia de septum tuvo relación estadísticamente significativa con la laceración de membrana sinusal (p<0,05). Finalmente, podemos señalar que la presencia de septum intrasinusal se observó en 17% de los casos y se relaciona directamente con complicaciones intraoperatorias como la perforación de membrana.

The aim of this research was to evaluated the surgical approach for zygomatic complex and zygomatic arch fracture. Was doing a retrospective study, evaluating clinical charts of patients with treatment between April 1 of 1999 and December 31, 2008. Were study sociodemographic variables, type and quantitative fracture and displacement of osseous fragment. A descriptive analysis was do it surgical approach used and when was necessary, realized a statistical analysis with Chi-Square test for nominal variables, with p<0.05 for significant statistic. One hundred fifty tree patient was surgically treated for ZC fracture, doing 251 surgical approach. More realized approach was intraoral, follow for subciliary and superciliary approach. Always exist more approach for zygomatimaxillary pillar, follow to infraorbitary rim and frontozygomatic suture, with a little difference. Was not possible show statistic association between de veriables and the quantity of surgical approach for ZC fractures. Surgical approach was response to individual necessity, obtained certain indications more than surgeon preferences.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los accesos quirúrgicos utilizados para el abordaje del complejo zigomático orbitario (CZO) y arco zigomático (AZ). Fue diseñado un estudio de tipo retrospectivo, evaluando las fichas clínicas de pacientes atendidos entre el 1 de Abril del año 1999 y el 31 de Diciembre del año 2008. Fueron estudiadas variables sociodemográficas y características de la fractura, tales como presencia de más de una fractura facial y desplazamiento del fragmento óseo. Se realizo un estudio descriptivo de los diferentes accesos quirúrgicos utilizados y cuando fue necesario se estudió la asociación estadística con la prueba chi-cuadrado para variables nominales, estableciendo significancia si p<0,05. Ciento cincuenta y tres pacientes fueron sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico de fractura de CZO con 251 accesos quirúrgicos. El acceso más efectuado fue el intrabucal, seguido del acceso subciliar y supraciliar. Siempre existió mayor utilización de accesos para pilar zigomaticomaxilar, seguidos por accesos para reborde infraorbitario y sutura frontozigomática, con pocas diferencias entre ellos. No fue posible encontrar asociación estadística entre las variables estudiadas y la cantidad de accesos para el tratamiento quirúrgico de fracturas de CZO. Los accesos quirúrgicos deben responder a las necesidades individuales de cada caso, intentando obtener indicaciones precisas, más que preferencias individuales de cada cirujano.

RACIONAL: O carcinoma hepatocelular é um dos tumores malignos mais comuns em todo o mundo. Exames de imagens, especialmente tomografia computadorizada e ultra-sonografia, estão entre as principais técnicas diagnósticas, embora a acurácia destes métodos possa apresentar significativa variabilidade. OBJETIVOS: Determinar a prevalência de carcinoma hepatocelular em pacientes cirróticos submetidos a transplante hepático na Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, RS; estimar a sensibilidade da tomografia computadorizada e da ultra-sonografia na detecção pré-transplante de carcinoma hepatocelular nesse grupo de pacientes; correlacionar características radiológicas com achados anatomopatológicos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo de prevalência retrospectivo. População: pacientes adultos, cirróticos, submetidos a transplante hepático de janeiro de 1990 a julho de 2003. Entre os 292 pacientes transplantados, foi diagnosticado 31 casos de carcinoma hepatocelular, dos quais 29 foram incluídos no estudo. As características tomográficas e ecográficas dos tumores diagnosticados pré-transplante foram comparadas com as observadas em exame anatomopatológico. RESULTADOS: A prevalência da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C nos pacientes com diagnóstico de carcinoma hepatocelular foi de 93,5% e a prevalência deste entre os pacientes transplantados foi de 10,6%. A sensibilidade dos métodos de imagem na detecção de casos de carcinoma hepatocelular foi de 70,3% para tomografia computadorizada e de 72% para ecografia. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de carcinoma hepatocelular na instituição onde foi desenvolvido o estudo, bem como a sensibilidade da ultra-sonografia e da tomografia computadorizada para detecção dessa neoplasia na avaliação pré-transplante foi semelhante à relatada na literatura. Em contrapartida, a prevalência de infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C, fator etiológico de hepatopatia mais freqüente nos pacientes desta série, é das maiores já relatadas. Os fatores que influenciaram as taxas de detecção de carcinoma hepatocelular foram: tempo decorrido entre realização do exame e transplante; realização de tomografia computadorizada com fase arterial; tamanho da lesão. A fase arterial provou ser a mais importante no diagnóstico de carcinoma hepatocelular neste estudo.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Imaging techniques, specially computed tomography and ultrasound, are among the most useful diagnostic tools, although the accuracy of these methods may have a significant variability. AIMS: To determine the prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation at "Santa Casa de Misericórdia" of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; to estimate the sensitivity of computed tomography and ultrasound in pretransplantation detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in this population; to correlate the radiological characteristics with anatomopathological findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective prevalence study. Population: adult, cirrhotic patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation from January 1990 to July 2003. Among the 292 transplanted patients, 31 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma were diagnosed, of which 29 were included in the study. Tumor characteristics in both ultrasound and computed tomography were compared to those observed in anatomopathological examination. RESULTS: Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among patients with diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma was 93.5%, and the prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma among transplanted patients was 10.6%. The overall sensitivity of the imaging techniques was 70.3% for computed tomography and 72% for ultrasound. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma at our institution, as well as the sensitivity of both ultrasound and computed tomography to detect such tumors at pretransplantation screening were similar to those found by other authors, while the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection, the most common etiological agent for liver disease in our patients, is one of the highest ever reported in literature. Factors influencing hepatocellular carcinoma detection rates were: time from examination to liver transplantation; acquisition of computed tomography images during arterial phase; lesion size. Arterial phase proved to be the most useful part of computed tomography examination in this study.

Os autores relatam o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 33 anos de idade, branca, sem evidência clínico-laboratorial de tireoidite ou hipotireoidismo clínico, que apresentou uma massa cervical de crescimento rápido. Através de exames histopatológico e imuno-histoquímico, foi realizado o diagnóstico de linfoma não-Hodgkin folicular em tireóide.

The authors describe the case of a 33 year-old white female, without any clinical or laboratorial evidence of thyroiditis or clinical hypothyroidism, who presented with a rapidly enlarging anterior neck mass. Diagnosis of a follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was made through histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis.

Os autores relatam o caso de um paciente branco, de quatro anos de idade, com comprometimento neurológico progressivo. Tomografia computadorizada do crânio e ressonância magnética evidenciaram lesão expansiva no tronco cerebral. Subseqüentemente, foi feito diagnóstico histopatológico de gliossarcoma. Trata-se de um tumor raro do sistema nervoso central que, na grande maioria dos casos, acomete pacientes acima dos 40 anos de idade e tem localização supratentorial. Há poucos casos relatados de gliossarcomas em crianças, sobretudo na região infratentorial. Dados epidemiológicos, assim como achados mais freqüentes na tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética, são discutidos.

The authors report a case of a white four-year-old boy with progressive neurological symptoms due to a brain stem mass lesion identified by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans. The diagnosis of gliosarcoma was confirmed by histological examination. This rare type of central nervous system tumor affects mainly patients over 40 years of age and is most commonly supratentorial. Only a few cases of gliosarcoma in children have been reported, particularly in the infratentorial region. The epidemiological data as well as the most frequent computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings are discussed.

O cisto nasolabial é classificado como um cisto fissural, localizado externamente ao tecido ósseo, na região correspondente ao sulco nasolabial e asa do nariz. Estes cistos são freqüentemente assintomáticos e geralmente promovem a elevação da asa do nariz. Apesar da sua difícil ocorrência, é importante reconhecermos as características desta lesão. O objetivo deste artigo é o de revisar a literatura e de discutir aspectos histológicos e etiológicos desta condição, bem como o tratamento por meio da excisão cirúrgica.

The nasolabial cyst is classified as a fissural cyst, found outside the bone, and on the region corresponding to the nasolabial furrow and alar nose. This cyst is frequently asymptomatic with the most usual sign being alar nose elevation. In spite of the low occurrence of nasolabial cysts, it is important to recognize the clinical characteristics of this lesion. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature and discuss the histomorphology and etiology of this condition, showing treatment by surgical excision.

Os autores relatam o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, com 55 anos de idade, branco, com diagnóstico radiológico e histopatológico pós-cirúrgico de cisto hidático pulmonar gigante. A epidemiologia, fisiopatologia e características radiológicas desta doença são discutidas.

The authors report a case of a 55-year-old white male patient with radiological and postsurgical histopathological diagnosis of a giant lung hydatid cyst. The epidemiological, physiopathological and radiological findings of this disease are discussed.

Os autores relatam o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 51 anos de idade, branca, com diagnóstico estabelecido de lúpus eritematoso sistêmico associado a evidência radiológica de fibrose pulmonar grave. A epidemiologia das manifestações pleuropulmonares do lúpus eritematoso sistêmico, dando ênfase à fibrose pulmonar, é discutida.

The authors report the case of a 51-year-old white female with proven diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus and radiological evidence of severe pulmonary fibrosis. The epidemiology of pleuropulmonary manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus emphasizing pulmonary fibrosis is discussed.